Appendix J: SOP FOR HS RELEASES
J.1 Generic Response Guidelines And Facility Response Plans
This Appendix includes generic responses to hazardous substances releases.
Facilities will incorporate these procedures as applicable in facility response
plans and ensure that response actions for specific hazardous substance use and
storage sites are developed.
Generic response guidance should be provided for each hazard class that is
stored or used on a facility. This Appendix contains examples of generic
hazardous substance responses for each Department of Transportation hazard
class. The generic responses include:
The generic responses should also include an indication of the level of Personal
Protective Equipment (PPE) to be used. However, it is always recommended that
the spilled/released hazardous substance be identified in order to select the
correct response methods/PPE.
The Site-specific response plans must include:
-
Information for immediate reporting of the HS/release including the names of
-
Emergency coordinators;
-
Fire safety plan, including:
-
List of site fire equipment and location;
-
Building construction/activity description;
-
Site hazardous substance inventory or the location of and the POC for readily
obtaining the inventory in an emergency;
-
Probable spill route;
-
Onsite spill response equipment;
-
Safe refuge;
-
Site diagram.
A general drawing should be included that indicates the location of each site
with a site-specific plan.
J.2 Generic Responses To Hazardous Substance Incidents
[top]
The following generic responses to hazardous substance release incidents can
assist emergency responders in making decisions, but the emergency responders
cannot consider these generic response guidelines to be a substitute for their
knowledge or judgment. This distinction is important since the recommendations
in the guidelines are those most likely to apply in a majority of cases but may
not be adequate or applicable in all cases. These guidelines were designed
primarily for use at hazardous substance release incidents occurring on a
highway or a railroad. The guidelines will, with certain limitations, be useful
in handling incidents in other modes of transportation and at transportation
facilities such as terminals and warehouses.
As an emergency responder at the scene of a hazardous substance incident, seek
additional and more specific information about any material in question as soon
as possible. These guidelines are not intended for use during the cleanup phase
of spilled materials, nor should they be used to determine compliance with any
regulations. Become familiar with these guidelines before you actually need to
use them in an emergency response situation. To obtain additional assistance
for the most effective handling of a hazardous substance incident call, as soon
as possible, CHEMTREC at (800) 424-3900.
EXPLOSIVES AND BLASTING AGENTS - UN Class 1.1, 1.2, 1.3, 1.5,
or 1.6 [top]
POTENTIAL HAZARDS
May explode and throw fragments 1 mile or more if fire reaches explosives. Fire
may produce irritating or poisonous gases.
EMERGENCY ACTION
Fire
DO NOT FIGHT A FIRE IF IT HAS REACHED THE EXPLOSIVE CARGO COMPARTMENT WITHDRAW
AND LET THE FIRE BURN.
If you know or suspect that heavily-encased explosives, such as bombs or
artillery projectiles are involved, stop all traffic and begin to evacuate all
persons, including emergency responders, from the area in all directions for
5000 feet (1 mile) for rail cars or 4000 feet (¾ mile) for tractor/trailer.
When heavily-encased explosives are not involved, evacuate the area for 2500
feet (½ mile) in all directions.
Positive pressure, self-contained breathing apparatus (SCBA) and structural
firefighter's protective clothing will provide limited protection.
Try to prevent fire from reaching the explosive cargo compartment. Flood the
compartment/area with water; if no water is available use CO2, dry chemical, or
soil.
Promptly isolate the scene by removing all persons from the vicinity of the
incident if there is a fire. First, move people out of line-of-sight of the
scene and away from windows. The obtain more information and specific guidance
from competent authorities listed on the shipping papers.
Spill or Leak
Shut off ignition sources; no flares, smoking or open flames are permitted in
the hazard area. Do not touch or walk through any spilled material.
First Aid
Call emergency medical care.
Use first aid treatment according to the nature of the injury.
EXPLOSIVES - UN Class 1.4 [top]
POTENTIAL HAZARDS
May explode and throw fragments 1 mile or more if fire reaches explosives. Fire
may produce irritating or poisonous gases.
EMERGENCY ACTION
Fire
DO NOT FIGHT A FIRE IF IT HAS REACHED THE EXPLOSIVE CARGO COMPARTMENT. WITHDRAW
AND LET THE FIRE BURN.
Stop all traffic and begin to evacuate all persons, including emergency
responders, from the area for 1500 feet ( 1/4 mile) in all directions.
Positive pressure, self-contained breathing apparatus (SCBA) and structural
firefighter's protective clothing will provide limited protection.
Try to prevent fire from reaching the explosive cargo compartment. Flood the
compartment/area with water; if no water is available use CO2, dry chemical, or
soil.
Promptly isolate the scene by removing all persons from the vicinity of the
incident if there is a fire. First, move people out of line-of-sight of the
scene and away from windows. To obtain more information and specific guidance
from competent authorities listed on the shipping papers.
Spill or Leak
Shut off ignition sources; no flares, smoking or open flames are permitted in
the hazard area. Do not touch or walk through any spilled material.
First Aid
Call emergency medical care.
Use first aid treatment according to the nature of the injury.
FLAMMABLE COMPRESSED GASES - UN Class 2.1 [top]
POTENTIAL HAZARDS
Extremely flammable; may be ignited by heat, sparks, or flames. Vapors may
travel to a source of ignition and flash back to the container. Container may
explode in due to heat from a fire. Gases present a vapor explosion hazard
indoors, outdoors, and in sewers.
Vapors may cause dizziness or suffocation. Contact of gas on skin will cause
severe frostbite. Fire may produce irritating or poisonous gases.
EMERGENCY ACTION
Fire
Keep unnecessary people away; isolate hazard area and deny entry. Stay upwind,
out of low areas, and ventilate closed spaces before entering. Positive
pressure, self-contained breathing apparatus and structural firefighter's
protective clothing will provide limited protection.
Isolate the area for ½ mile in all directions if a tank, rail car, or tank truck
is involved in a fire.
Let a tank, tank car or tank truck burn unless the gas leak can be stopped
without endangering personnel. With smaller tanks or cylinders, extinguish
fire/isolate container from other flammable materials.
Use dry chemicals or CO2 to extinguish small fires and water spray or
fog for large fires.
Move gas containers away from the fire area if this can be done without
endangering personnel. Apply cooling water to sides of containers that are
exposed to flames until well after the fire is out. Stay away from the ends of
tanks. For a massive fire in a cargo area, use unmanned hose holders or monitor
nozzles. If this is impossible, withdraw from the area and let the fire burn.
Withdraw immediately in case of a rising sound from venting safety devices or
upon any discoloration of the tank due to exposure to the fire.
Spill or Leak
Shut off ignition sources; no flares, smoking or open flames are permitted in
the hazard area. Do not touch or walk through any spilled material. Stop the
leak if this can be done without endangering personnel.
First Aid
Move the victim to fresh air and call emergency medical care. If the victim is
not breathing, give artificial respiration. If the victim's breathing is
difficult, give oxygen (if qualified to perform this procedure). In case of
frostbite, thaw the victim's frosted parts with water. Keep the victim quiet
and maintain normal body temperature.
NON-FLAMMABLE, NON-TOXIC COMPRESSED GASES - UN Class 2.2
[top]
POTENTIAL HAZARDS
Cylinders may explode in a fire.
Vapors may cause dizziness or suffocation. Contact of gas on skin will cause
severe frostbite.
Emergency Action
Fire
Keep unnecessary people away; isolate hazard area and deny entry. Stay upwind,
out of low areas, and ventilate closed spaces before entering. Positive
pressure, self-contained breathing apparatus and structural firefighter's
protective clothing will provide limited protection.
Isolate the area for ½ mile in all directions if a tank, rail car, or tank truck
is involved in a fire.
Use dry chemicals or CO2 to extinguish small fires and water spray or
fog for large fires.
Move gas containers away from the fire area if this can be done without
endangering personnel. Apply cooling water to sides of containers that are
exposed to flames until well after the fire is out. Stay away from the ends of
tanks. For a massive fire in a cargo area, use unmanned hose holders or monitor
nozzles. If this is impossible, withdraw from the area and let the fire burn.
Withdraw immediately in case of a rising sound from venting safety devices or
upon any discoloration of the tank due to exposure to the fire.
Spill or Leak
Do not touch or walk through any spilled material. Stop the leak if this can be
done without endangering personnel.
First Aid
Move the victim to fresh air and call emergency medical care. If the victim is
not breathing, give artificial respiration. If the victim's breathing is
difficult, give oxygen (if qualified to perform this procedure). In case of
frostbite, thaw the victim's frosted parts with water. Keep the victim quiet
and maintain normal body temperature.
POISONOUS COMPRESSED GASES - UN Class 2.3 [top]
POTENTIAL HAZARDS
Poisonous; may be fatal if inhaled or absorbed through the skin. Contact with
the gas may cause burns to the skin and eyes. Contact with liquefied gas will
cause frostbite. Any clothing that is frozen to the skin should be thawed
before attempting to remove it. Runoff from fire control or dilution water may
cause pollution.
Some of these materials may burn, but none of them ignites readily. Cylinders
may explode in a fire.
EMERGENCY ACTION
Fire
Keep unnecessary people away; isolate hazard area and deny entry. Stay upwind,
out of low areas, and ventilate closed spaces before entering. Positive
pressure, self-contained breathing apparatus and chemical protective clothing
that is specifically recommended by the shipper or manufacturer may be worn.
The protective clothing may provide little or no thermal protection. Structural
firefighter's protective clothing is NOT effective for these materials.
Isolate the area the immediate area and all adjacent down wind
buildings/structures. Contact the manufacturer or MSDS to determine the size of
the isolation zone. Use dry chemicals or CO2 to extinguish small
fires and water spray, fog, or regular foam for large fires. Do not get water
inside containers.
Move gas containers away from the fire area if this can be done without
endangering personnel. Apply cooling water to sides of containers that are
exposed to flames until well after the fire is out. Stay away from the ends of
tanks. For a massive fire in a cargo area, use unmanned hose holders or monitor
nozzles. If this is impossible, withdraw from the area and let the fire burn.
Withdraw immediately in case of a rising sound from venting safety devices or
upon any discoloration of the tank due to exposure to the fire. Isolate the
fire area until all of the gas has dispersed.
Spill or Leak
Do not touch or walk through any spilled material. Stop the leak if this can be
done without endangering personnel. Fully encapsulating, vapor-protective
clothing should be worn for spills and leaks with no fire. Use water spray to
reduce vapor. Do not put water directly on leak or spill area.
First Aid
Move the victim to fresh air and call emergency medical care. If the victim is
not breathing, give artificial respiration. If the victim's breathing is
difficult, give oxygen (if qualified to perform this procedure). In case of
contact with material, immediately flush skin or eyes with running water for at
least 15 minutes. In case of frostbite, thaw the victim's frosted parts with
water. Keep the victim quiet and maintain normal body temperature. Effects may
be delayed. Keep the victim under observation.
FLAMMABLE LIQUIDS - UN Class 3 [top]
POTENTIAL HAZARDS
Flammable and combustible liquids that may be ignited by heat, sparks, or
flames. Vapors may travel to a source of ignition and flash back. Containers
may explode in the heat of a fire. Liquids present a vapor explosion hazard
indoors, outdoors or in sewers. Runoff to sewer may create a fire or explosion
hazard.
Some of these materials may be poisonous if the vapors are inhaled or the liquid
is absorbed through the skin. Vapors may cause dizziness or suffocation.
Contact with the liquid may irritate or burn the skin and eyes. Fire may
produce irritating or poisonous gases. Runoff from fire control or dilution
water may cause pollution.
EMERGENCY ACTION
Fire
Keep unnecessary people away; isolate hazard area and deny entry. Stay upwind,
out of low areas, and ventilate closed spaces before entering. Positive
pressure, self-contained breathing apparatus and structural firefighter's
protective clothing will provide limited protection.
Isolate the area for ½ mile in all directions if a tank, rail car, or tank truck
is involved in a fire.
Use dry chemicals, CO2, water spray, or regular foam to extinguish
small fires and water spray, fog, or regular foam for large fires.
Move liquid containers away from the fire area if this can be done without
endangering personnel. Apply cooling water to sides of containers that are
exposed to flames until well after the fire is out. Stay away from the ends of
tanks. For a massive fire in a cargo area, use unmanned hose holders or monitor
nozzles. If this is impossible, withdraw from the area and let the fire burn.
Withdraw immediately in case of a rising sound from venting safety devices or
upon any discoloration of the tank due to exposure to the fire.
Spill or Leak
Shut off ignition sources; no flares, smoking or open flames are permitted in
the hazard area. Do not touch or walk through any spilled material. Stop the
leak if this can be done without endangering personnel. Absorb small spills
with sand or other noncombustible absorbent material and place into containers
for later disposal. Dike far ahead of a large spill and collect the liquid for
later disposal.
First Aid
Move the victim to fresh air and call emergency medical care. If the victim is
not breathing, give artificial respiration. If the victim's breathing is
difficult, give oxygen (if qualified to perform this procedure). In case of
contact with a liquid, immediately flush eyes with running water for at least
15 minutes. Wash skin with soap and water. Remove and isolate contaminated
clothing and shoes.
FLAMMABLE SOLIDS - UN Class 4.1 [top]
POTENTIAL HAZARDS
Flammable and combustible solids that may be ignited by heat, sparks, or flames.
Materials may burn rapidly with flare-burning effect.
Fire may produce irritating or poisonous gases. Contact with these materials may
cause burns to the skin and eyes. Runoff from fire control or dilution water
may cause pollution.
EMERGENCY ACTION
Fire
Keep unnecessary people away; isolate hazard area and deny entry. Stay upwind
and keep out of low areas. Positive pressure, self-contained breathing
apparatus and structural firefighter's protective clothing will provide limited
protection.
Use dry chemicals, sand, soil, water spray, or regular foam to extinguish small
fires and water spray, fog, or regular foam for large fires.
Move containers of solid materials away from the fire area if this can be done
without endangering personnel. Apply cooling water to sides of containers that
are exposed to flames until well after the fire is out. Stay away from the ends
of tanks. For a massive fire for in a cargo area, use unmanned hose holders or
monitor nozzles. If this is impossible, withdraw from the area and let the fire
burn. Withdraw immediately in case of a rising sound from venting safety
devices or upon any discoloration of the tank due to exposure to the fire.
Use dry sand, Met-L-X®powder or G-1 graphite powder to extinguish fires
involving magnesium.
Spill or Leak
Shut off ignition sources; no flares, smoking or open flames are permitted in
the hazard area. Do not touch or walk through any spilled material. Recover
spilled material with a clean shovel and place into a clean, dry container.
Cover the container loosely and store for disposal.
First Aid
Move the victim to fresh air and call emergency medical care. In case of contact
with the material, immediately flush eyes with running water for at least 15
minutes. Removal of solidified molten material from skin requires medical
assistance. Remove and isolate contaminated clothing and shoes.
SPONTANEOUSLY COMBUSTIBLE MATERIAL - UN Class 4.2
[top]
POTENTIAL HAZARDS
Materials are poisonous if swallowed. Inhalation of dust from these materials is
poisonous.
Fire may produce irritating or poisonous gases. Runoff from fire control or
dilution water may cause pollution.
EMERGENCY ACTION
Fire
Keep unnecessary people away; isolate hazard area and deny entry. Stay upwind
and keep out of low areas. Positive pressure, self-contained breathing
apparatus and structural firefighters' protective clothing will provide limited
protection.
ONLY USE WATER to extinguish fires involving these materials. For large fires,
flood the fire area with water from a distance.
Move containers of these materials away from the fire area if this can be done
without endangering personnel. Apply cooling water to sides of containers that
are exposed to flames until well after the fire is out. Stay away from the ends
of tanks. For a massive fire in a cargo area, use unmanned hose holders or
monitor nozzles. If this is impossible, withdraw from the area and let the fire
burn.
Spill or Leak
Do not touch or walk through any spilled material. Keep combustibles (wood,
paper, oil, etc.) away from the spilled material. Recover spilled material with
a clean shovel and place into a clean, dry container. Cover the container
loosely and store for disposal.
First Aid
Move the victim to fresh air and call emergency medical care. In case of contact
with the material, immediately flush eyes with running water for at least 15
minutes. Remove and isolate contaminated clothing and shoes.
DANGEROUS WHEN WET MATERIALS - UN Class 4.3 [top]
POTENTIAL HAZARDS
Materials may ignite if exposed to air. The material may re-ignite after the
fire is extinguished. Materials may ignite in the presence of moisture. A
violent reaction may occur if exposed to water. The reaction may produce
flammable gas. Runoff to the sewer may create a fire or explosion hazard.
Materials may be poisonous if inhaled. Contact of the material to the skin and
eyes may cause burns. Fire may produce irritating or poisonous gases.
EMERGENCY ACTION
Fire
Keep unnecessary people away; isolate hazard area and deny entry. Stay upwind
and keep out of low areas. Positive pressure, self-contained breathing
apparatus and structural firefighters' protective clothing will provide limited
protection.
DO NOT USE WATER or FOAM to extinguish fires involving these materials. Use dry
chemical, soda ash, lime or sand to extinguish small fires. Withdraw from an
area involving a large fire of this type of material and let the fire burn.
Use dry sand, Lith-X® powder or G-1 graphite powder to extinguish fires
involving lithium.
Move containers away from the fire area if this can be accomplished without
endangering personnel.
Spill or Leak
Shut off ignition sources, no flares, smoking, or flames are permitted in the
hazard area. Do not touch or walk through any spilled material. Recover spilled
material with a clean shovel and place into a clean, dry container. Cover the
container loosely and store for disposal. If the spill is a liquid, absorb with
sand or other noncombustible material and place into containers for later
disposal.
First Aid
Move the victim to fresh air and call emergency medical care. In case of contact
with the material, immediately flush eyes with running water for at least 15
minutes. Remove and isolate contaminated clothing and shoes.
OXIDIZING MATERIALS - UN Class 5.1 [top]
POTENTIAL HAZARDS
These materials may ignite other combustible materials (wood, paper, oil, etc.).
These materials will accelerate burning when they are involved in a fire. Some
of these materials will react violently with fuels. Runoff into a sewer may
create a fire or explosion hazard. Contact between these materials and the skin
and eyes may cause burns. Vapors and dusts from these materials may be
irritating. Fires involving these materials may produce irritating or poisonous
gases. Runoff from fire control or dilution water may cause pollution.
EMERGENCY ACTION
Fire
Keep unnecessary people away; isolate hazard area and deny entry. Stay upwind
and keep out of low areas. Positive pressure, self-contained breathing
apparatus and structural firefighters' protective clothing will provide limited
protection.
USE ONLY WATER to extinguish small fires involving these materials. Flood a
large fire area with large quantities of water. Water should be applied to
large fires from a distance. Move containers from the fire area if this can be
accomplished without endangering personnel. Apply cooling water to the sides of
containers that are exposed to flames until well after the fire is out. For a
massive fire in a cargo area, use unmanned hose holders or monitor nozzles to
fight the fire. If this can not be done, withdraw from the area involving the
fire and let the fire burn.
Spill or Leak
Do not touch or walk through any spilled material. Keep combustible materials
(wood, paper, oil, etc.) away from the area. Recover spilled material with a
clean shovel and place into a clean, dry container. Cover the container loosely
and store for disposal. If the spill is a liquid, absorb with sand or other
noncombustible material and place into containers for later disposal.
First Aid
Move the victim to fresh air and call emergency medical care. In case of contact
with the material, immediately flush eyes with running water for at least 15
minutes. Remove and isolate contaminated clothing and shoes.
ORGANIC PEROXIDES - UN Class 5.2 [top]
POTENTIAL HAZARDS
These materials may self-ignite if exposed to air. These materials may be
ignited by heat, sparks, or flames. Organic peroxides burn rapidly with a
flare-like burning effect. These materials may explode from heat,
contamination, or loss of temperature. Contact between these materials and skin
and eyes may cause burns. Fires involving these materials may produce
irritating or poisonous gases. Runoff from fire control or dilution water may
cause pollution.
EMERGENCY ACTION
Fire
Keep unnecessary people away; isolate hazard area and deny entry. Stay upwind
and keep out of low areas. Positive pressure, self-contained breathing
apparatus and structural firefighters' protective clothing will provide limited
protection.
USE ONLY WATER, CO2, water spray, or regular foal to extinguish small
fires involving these materials. Flood a large fire area with large quantities
of water. Water should be applied to large fires from a distance. For a massive
fire in a cargo area, use unmanned hose holders or monitor nozzles to fight the
fire. If this cannot be done, withdraw from the area involving the fire and let
the fire burn.
Spill or Leak
Do not touch or walk through any spilled material. Keep combustible materials
(wood, paper, oil, etc.) away from the area. Absorb spilled material with sand
or other noncombustible material. Move containers from the spill area.
First Aid
Move the victim to fresh air and call emergency medical care. In case of contact
with the material, immediately flush eyes with running water for at least 15
minutes. Wash contaminated skin with soap and water. Remove and isolate
contaminated clothing and shoes. Keep victim quiet and maintain normal body
temperature.
POISONOUS LIQUIDS - UN Class 6.1 [top]
POTENTIAL HAZARDS
These materials are poisonous. They may be fatal if inhaled, ingested, or
absorbed through the skin. Contact between these materials and skin and eyes
may cause burns. Contact with some of these liquids may cause frostbite.
Clothing that is frozen to the skin should be thawed before being removed.
Runoff from fire control or dilution water may cause pollution.
EMERGENCY ACTION
Fire
Keep unnecessary people away; isolate hazard area and deny entry. Stay upwind
and keep out of low areas. Positive pressure, self-contained breathing
apparatus and chemical protective clothing which is specifically recommended by
the shipper or manufacturer may be worn. This protective clothing will provide
little or no thermal protection. Structural firefighters' protective clothing
is NOT EFFECTIVE for these materials. Isolate the leak or spill area
immediately for at least 150 feet in all directions. An larger area may need to
be isolated. Consult the shipper or manufacturer to assist in making this
determination.
Use dry chemical or CO2 to extinguish small fires involving these
materials. Use water spray, fog, or regular foam on larger fires. DO NOT GET
WATER INSIDE OF CONTAINERS. Move containers away from the fire area if this can
be accomplished without endangering personnel. Apply cooling water to the sides
of containers that are exposed to flames until well after the fire is out. Stay
away from the ends of tanks.
Spill or Leak
Stop the leak if this can be accomplished without endangering personnel. Do not
touch or walk through any spilled material. Fully-encapsulating,
vapor-protective clothing should be worn for spills and leaks when no fire is
involved. Use water spray to reduce vapors, but do not put water directly on
the leak or spill area. Flush the area with flooding amounts of water. Dike the
area far ahead of the liquid spill and contain for later disposal. Do not get
water inside the poisonous liquid container. Isolate the area until all vapors
have dispersed.
First Aid
Move the victim to fresh air and call emergency medical care. If the victim is
not breathing, provide artificial respiration. If the victim’s breathing
is difficult, provide oxygen (if qualified to administer this procedure). In
case of contact with the material, immediately flush skin and eyes with running
water for at least 15 minutes. Remove and isolate contaminated clothing and
shoes.
Keep victim quiet and maintain normal body temperature. Effects of exposure to
these materials may be delayed, therefore, keep the victim under observation.
POISONOUS SOLIDS - UN Class 6.1 [top]
POTENTIAL HAZARDS
These materials are poisonous if swallowed or dusts are inhaled. Contact with
some of these liquids may cause frostbite. Fires involving these materials may
produce irritating or poisonous gases. Runoff from fire control or dilution
water may cause pollution. Some of these materials may burn, but none of them
ignites readily.
EMERGENCY ACTION
Fire
Keep unnecessary people away; isolate hazard area and deny entry. Stay upwind
and keep out of low areas. Positive pressure, self-contained breathing
apparatus and structural firefighters' protective clothing will provide limited
protection.
Use dry chemical, CO2, water spray, or regular foam to extinguish
small fires involving these materials. Use water spray, fog, or regular foam on
larger fires. Move containers away from the fire area if this can be
accomplished without endangering personnel.
Spill or Leak
Do not touch or walk through any spilled material. Stop the leak if this can be
accomplished without endangering personnel. Use a clean shovel to recover
spilled material. Place recovered material into a clean, dry container, cover
loosely, and store for later disposal.
First Aid
Move the victim to fresh air and call emergency medical care. In case of contact
with the material, immediately flush skin and eyes with running water for at
least 15 minutes. Remove and isolate contaminated clothing and shoes.
INFECTIOUS SUBSTANCES - UN Class 6.2 [top]
POTENTIAL HAZARDS
These materials may be ignited if the carrier liquid is flammable. Contact with
these materials may cause infection and disease. Runoff from fire control or
dilution water may cause pollution.
EMERGENCY ACTION
Fire
Keep unnecessary people away; isolate hazard area and deny entry.
Use dry chemical, soda ash, lime or sand to extinguish fires involving these
materials. Move containers away from the fire area if this can be accomplished
without endangering personnel.
Spill or Leak
Damage to the outer container may not affect the primary inner container. If the
inner container is damaged or leaking, cover the container with a damp towel or
rag and keep wet with liquid bleach. Dike and contain all liquids for later
disposal. DO NOT APPLY WATER to these materials unless directed to do so by the
shipper or manufacturer. Cleanup only under the supervision of an expert
(person knowledgeable about the specific material).
First Aid
Move the victim to fresh air and call emergency medical care. In case of contact
with the material, immediately flush eyes with running water for at least 15
minutes. Wash affected skin areas with soap and water. Remove and isolate
contaminated clothing and shoes.
RADIOACTIVE MATERIALS - UN Class 7 [top]
POTENTIAL HAZARDS
There is external radiation hazard from unshielded radioactive material and an
internal radiation hazard from inhalation, ingestion or entry of radioactive
material through breaks in the skin. The degree of hazard associated with
radioactive material will vary greatly depending on the type and quantity of
radioactive material present and the type of packaging used. Materials in
Special Form or in Type B packaging are not expected to cause contamination in
the event of an accident. Some radioactive materials cannot be detected by
commonly available instruments. Some of these materials may burn, but none of
them ignites readily. Radioactivity does not change flammability or other
properties of the materials. Runoff from fire control or dilution water may
cause pollution.
EMERGENCY ACTION
Keep unnecessary people at least 150 feet upwind of the spill. Greater distances
may be necessary for people downwind or if advised by radiation specialists.
Isolate the hazard area and deny entry. Response actions may be performed prior
to any measurement of radiation, but entry to the incident site must be limited
to as short a time as possible. Positive pressure, self-contained breathing
apparatus and structural firefighters' protective clothing will provide limited
protection. Notify the National Response Center of the accident as soon as
possible.
Fire
Use dry chemical, CO2, water spray or regular foam to extinguish
small fires. Large fires should be extinguished using water spray or fog in
flooding amounts. For massive fires in cargo areas, use unmanned hose holders
or monitor nozzles to fight the fire.
Spill or Leak
DO NOT TOUCH DAMAGED CONTAINERS OR SPILLER MATERIALS. Damage to outer containers
may not affect primary inner container. Use sand, soil, or other noncombustible
materials to absorb spilled materials.
First Aid
Use fires aid treatment according to the nature of the injury. Remove and
isolate contaminated clothing and shoes if this can be accomplished without
affecting the injury. Wrap the victim in a sheet or blanket before
transporting. If there is no injury, remove and isolated contaminated clothing
and shoes and have the victim shower with soap and water. Advise medical
personnel that the victim may be contaminated with radioactive material.
CORROSIVE MATERIALS - UN Class 8 [top]
POTENTIAL HAZARDS
Contact with these materials causes burns to the skin and eyes. Vapors from
these materials may be harmful if inhaled. Fire may produce irritating or
poisonous gases. Runoff from fire control or dilution water may cause
pollution. Some of these materials may burn, but none of them ignites readily.
Flammable/poisonous gases may accumulate in tanks and hopper cars. Some of
these materials may ignite combustible materials (wood, paper, oil, etc.).
EMERGENCY ACTION
Keep unnecessary people away from the spill, isolate the area, and deny entry to
the spill site. Stay upwind and keep out of low lying areas. Positive pressure,
self-contained breathing apparatus and structural firefighters' protective
clothing will provide limited protection.
Fire
Some of these materials may react violently with water. Use dry chemical, CO2,
water spray or regular foam to extinguish a small fire. Use water spray, fog,
or regular foam to extinguish large fires. Apply cooling water to sides of
containers that are exposed to flames until well after the fire is out. Stay
away from the end of tanks.
Spill or Leak
Do not touch or walk through spilled materials. Stop the leak if this can be
accomplished without endangering personnel. Use sand or other noncombustible
absorbent material to recover spilled material. Place recovered material into
clean, dry containers and cover loosely. Dike far ahead of the liquid in large
spills and contain the liquid for later disposal.
First Aid
Move the victim to fresh air. Call for emergency assistance immediately. In case
of contact with spilled materials, immediately flush skin or eyes with running
water for at least 15 minutes. Remove and isolate all contaminated clothing and
shoes. Keep the victim quiet and maintain normal body temperature.
J.3 Hazardous Chemicals Classified According To P/C/D Category
[top]
Note:— Denotes the most commonplace hazardous substances in Navy
workplaces.
Category IVF: Insoluble volatile floater -- material lighter than water with a
vapor pressure greater than 20mmHg and a solubility of less than 1000 ppm, or
materials with vapor pressure greater than0 mmHg and solubility less than
10,000 ppm.
Category INF: Insoluble nonvolatile floater -- material lighter than water with
vapor pressure less than 10 mmHG and solubility less than 1000 ppm.
| Table J.4 INSOLUBLE
NONVOLATILE FLOATER |
| — Amyl acetate |
— Xylene |
— Ethyl benzene |
Category IS: Insoluble sinker -- material heavier than water and solubility less
than 1000 ppm.
| Table J-5 INSOLUBLE SINKER |
| Aldrin |
Lead thiosulfate |
| Arsenic disulfide |
Lead tungstate |
| Benzyl chloride |
Methoxychlor |
| Calcium arsenate |
Methyl parathion |
| Chlorobenzene |
— Naled |
| Chloroform |
Naphthalene |
| — Chromous chloride |
Nickel hydroxide |
| Cupric acetoarsenite |
Parathion |
| Cupric oxalate |
— Pentachlorophenol |
| Cupric tartrate |
Phosphorus |
| Cuprous bromide |
— Polychlorinated biphenyls |
| — 2,4-D acid |
Strontium chromate |
| — 2,4-D esters |
Strychnine |
| — Diaxinon |
2,4,5-T acid |
| EDTA |
2,4,5-T esters |
| Guthion |
TDE |
| Heptachlor |
Tetraethyl lead |
| Kelthane |
Toxaphene |
| Lead arsenate |
Trichlorophenol |
| Lead fluoride |
Uranium peroxide |
| Lead iodide |
Zinc carbonate |
| Lead sulfate |
Zinc cyanide |
| Lead sulfide |
Zinc phosphide |
| Lead thiocyanate |
Zinc potassium chromate |
Category SM: Soluble mixers -- solid substances that have a solubility greater
than 1000 grams per liter of water.
| Table J.6 SOLUBLE MIXERS |
| Ammonium acetate |
Lithium bichromate |
| Ammonium sulfamate |
Lithium chromate |
| Ammonium thiocyanate |
Potassium hydroxide |
| Ammonium thiosulfate |
Sodium bichromate |
| Calcium hypochloride |
Sodium hypochlorite |
| Calcium oxide |
Sodium phosphate, dibasic |
| — Chromic Acid |
|
Category P: Precipitator -- salts that dissociate or hydrolyze in water with
subsequent precipitation of toxic ion.
| Table J-7 PRECIPITATORS |
| Aluminum fluoride |
Cupric Nitrate |
Nickel sulfate |
| Aluminum sulfate |
Cupric subacetate |
Potassium arsenate |
| — Antimony pentachloride |
Cupric sulfate |
Potassium arsenite |
| — Antimony pentafluoride |
Cupric sulfate ammoniated |
Uranyl acetate |
| — Antimony potassium tartrate |
Ferric ammonium citrate |
Uranyl nitrate |
| — Antimony tribromide |
Ferric ammonium oxalate |
Uranyl sulfate |
| — Antimony trichloride |
Ferric chloride |
Vanadium pentoxide |
| — Antimony trifluoride |
Ferric fluoride |
Vanadium sulfate |
| — Antimony trioxide |
Ferric nitrate |
Zinc acetate |
| Arsenic acid |
Ferric sulfate |
Zinc ammonium chloride |
| Arsenic pentoxide |
Ferrous ammonium sulfate |
Zinc bichromate |
| Arsenic trichloride |
Ferrous chloride |
Zinc borate |
| Arsenic trioxide |
Ferrous sulfate
|
Zinc bromide |
| Beryllium chloride |
Lead acetate |
Zinc chloride |
| Beryllium fluoride |
Lead chloride |
Zinc fluoride |
| Beryllium nitrate |
Lead fluoborate |
Zinc formate |
| Cadmium bromide |
Lead nitrate |
Zinc hydrosulfide |
| Cadmium fluorides |
Lead stearate |
Zinc nitrate |
| Calcium fluoride |
Lead tetracetate |
Zinc phenolsulfonate |
| Cobaltous bromide |
Mercuric acetate |
Zinc siliconfluoride |
| Cobaltous fluoride |
Mercuric cyanide |
Zinc sulfate |
| Cobaltous formate |
Mercuric nitrate |
Zinc sulfate, monohydrate |
| Cobaltous sulfamate |
Mercuric sulfate |
Zirconium acetate |
| Cupric acetate |
Mercurous nitrate |
Zirconium nitrate |
| Cupric chloride |
Nickel ammonium sulfate |
Zirconium oxychloride |
| Cupric formate |
— Nickel chloride |
Zirconium potassium fluoride |
| Cupric glycinate |
Nickel formate |
Zirconium sulfate |
| Cupric lactate |
— Nickel nitrate |
Zirconium tetrachloride |
Category SF: Soluble floaters - material lighter than water and of a solubility
greater than 1000 ppm.
| Table J.8 SOLUBLE FLOATERS |
| Acetic anhydride |
Diethylamine |
| Acetone cyanohydrin |
Dimethylamine |
| Acrolein |
Ethylenediamine |
| Acrylonitrile |
Maleic anhydride |
| Adiponitrile |
— Monoethylamine |
| — Ammonia |
— Trimethylamine |
| — Butyl acetate |
Vinyl acetate |
| — Chlorine |
|
Category M: Miscible - liquids that are free to mix with water in any
proportion.
| Table J-9
MISCIBLES |
| Acetaldehyde |
Formic acid |
— Phosphoric acid |
| — Acetic acid |
— Hydrofluoric acid |
Propionic acid |
| Allyl alcohol |
Hydrogen cyanide |
Propionic anhydride |
| — Ammonium hydroxide |
Mevinphos |
Propyl alcohol |
| Butylamine |
— Monoethylamine |
— Sulfuric acid |
| Butyric acid |
— Nitric acid |
Tetraethyl pyrophosphate |
| — Formaldehyde |
— Nitrogen dioxide |
|
Category SS: Soluble sinkers - materials heavier than water and of solubility
greater than 1000 ppm.
| Table J.10 SOLUBLE SINKERS |
| Acetyl bromide |
Dodecylbenzenesulfonic acid |
| Acetyl chloride |
Duraban |
| Ammonium benzoate |
Endosulfan |
| Ammonium bicarbonate |
Ethion |
| Ammonium bichromate |
Fumaric acid |
| Ammonium bifluoride |
Furfural |
| Ammonium bisulfite |
— Hydrochloric acid |
|
Ammonium bromide
|
Hydroxylamine |
| Ammonium carbamate |
Isopropanolamine dodecylbenzene sulfonate |
| Ammonium chloride |
Lindane |
| Ammonium chromate |
Malathion |
| Ammonium citrate |
Maleic acid |
| Ammonium fluoborate |
Naphteric acid
|
| Ammonium hypophosphate |
Nitrogenzene |
| Ammonium oxalate |
Nitrophenol |
| Ammonium pentaborate |
Paraformaldehyde |
| Ammonium persulfate |
— Phenol |
| Ammonium siliconfluoride |
— Phosgene |
| mmonium sulfide |
Phosphorus oxychloride |
| Ammonium sulfite |
Phosphorus pentrasulfide |
| Ammonium tartrate |
Phosphorus trichloride |
| Aniline |
Potassium bichromate |
| Barium cyanide |
Potassium chromate |
| Benzoic acid |
— Potassium cyanide |
| Benzonitrile |
Potassium permanganate |
| Benzoyl chloride |
Pyrethins |
| — Cadmium acetate |
Quinoline |
| Cadmium arsenite |
Resorcinol |
| Calcium chromate |
Selenium oxide |
Calcium cyanide |
Sodium |
| Calcium codocylbenzenesulfonate |
Sodium arsenate |
| Calcium hydroxide |
Sodium arsenite |
| — Captan |
Sodium bifluoride |
| — Carbonyl |
Sodium bisulfite |
| Carbon disulfide |
Sodium chromate |
| Chlorosulfonic acid |
— Sodium cyanide |
| — Chromic acid |
Sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate |
| — Chromic sulfate |
Sodium fluoride |
| — Chromyl chloride |
Sodium hydrosulfide |
| Coumaphos |
— Sodium Hydroxide |
| — Cresol |
Sodium methylate |
| Cyanogen chloride |
Sodium nitrite |
| Dalapon |
Sodium phosphate, monobasic |
| Dicamba |
Sodium phosphate, tribasic |
| Dichlobenil |
Sodium selenite |
| Dichlone |
Sodium sulfide |
| Dichlonous |
— Stannous fluoride |
| — Dieldrin |
Sulfur monochloride |
| Dinitrobenzene |
Trichlorfon |
| Dinitrophenol |
Triethanolamine dodecylbenzenesulfonate |
| Diquat |
Xylenol |
| Disulfoton |
Zectran
|
| Diuron |
|
— Among the most prevalent Hazardous Substances found in Navy workplaces. |